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Peruvian Inca
Orchid Standard
& Peruvian Hairless Standard
 Peruvian
Inca Orchid standard
Peruvian Inca Orchid Dog Club of America Breed
Standard
General Appearance
An elegant and graceful Sighthound of moderate size, giving the
appearance of speed, strength and balance without any trace of
coarseness. The fundamental characteristic of the breed is the
absence of hair on the body, except for small vestiges on the head,
extremities and tail.
Height/Weight
Dogs: 18" to 22" Bitches: 17" to 21" Sizes slightly over or under
are not to be penalized. The weight should be proportionate to the
height and bone structure of each animal.
Head
Viewed from the top, the cranium width is the total length of the
head, it is wide from the back and tapers toward the nose. In
profile, the slightly rounded skull and the muzzle are parallel and
equal in length, with a barely perceptible stop. The lips are tight
and adhere closely to the gums. A distinctive lozenge placed high on
the skull between the ears is desirable.
Neck
Long and graceful with good muscle development. Well arched at the
base of the skull, blending elegantly into the shoulders.
Body
Boning is light but strong; the ribs are well sprung and
substantial. The chest is deep and moderately narrow, reaches almost
to the elbows. Shoulders sloping and well set back. The back,
practically level past the withers, muscles slightly arched over the
loin, most easily seen in the hairless when gaited. The abdomen is
well muscled and clearly drawn up, the rump slightly rounded.
Feet
Harefoot with webbing between the toes, especially apparent in the
hairless. Turning neither in nor out, feet are well padded with
strong, long nails.
Forequarters
Long, straight and strong. Elbows neither in nor out. Pasterns
strong and flexible. FAULT: Knuckled over.
Hindquarters
Moderate angulation with the hindquarters set under the body. Thighs
wide, flat and muscular, with well bent stifles. Hocks straight when
viewed from the rear.
Tail
Long and tapering to a point, reaching past the hip bone when drawn
between the legs. At rest, reaches the hock and gently turns up.
Saber tail when moving.
Ears
HAIRLESS: Medium to large pricked ears set in a direct line back on
the skull from the outer corner of the eyes and gently tapering to a
point. Ears may be folded when at rest, gaiting or coursing.
COATED: Semi-pricked ears, the tips may fall forward or outward to
the side. Ears may be folded back when at rest, gaiting or coursing.
Eyes
Medium sized, almond shaped with alert expression. Eye rims self
colored or black, completely filled in. Eye color to compliment coat
color. Blue eyes not permitted.
Nose and Lips
Black in the darker marked and solid colored dogs. Self colored in
the lighter types. Completely filled in.
Bite
Scissors bite preferred level bite acceptable in both varieties.
Missing teeth should not be penalized, as it is related to the
hairless factor. The coated variety should have full dentition.
Skin
Skin is smooth and supple. Scars and scratches are not to be
penalized. A narrow patch of hair from the skull to the stop should
be present; fuzz on the forehead is acceptable. Sparse hair on the
lower tail, lower hocks and feet is acceptable.
Coat
Short to medium single coat, texture moderately coarse, to soft and
longer with feathering on ears and tail.
Colors
In hairless, seasonal changes increase or decrease the depth of
pigmentation on individual dogs. White/pink preferred with any
combination of listed colors; Rose, Gold, Tan, Mahogany, Chocolate,
Black, Blue, Gray.
Gait
Free flowing, covers a maximum distance with minimal effort. The
forelegs reach well forward with good drive in the rear, the feet
tend to move closer to the centerline when moving and viewed from
the front and rear. The feet should not cross or interfere with each
other. FAULTS: Paddling, hackney or mincing gait.
Temperment
Adult dogs are calm and quiet. Intelligent and independent, they are
devoted to their owners, reserved with strangers, but seldom
aggressive.
NOTE:
The male should have two testicles of normal appearance both
completely descended from the scrotum.
Approved October, 1999
Peruvian
Hairless Standard
FCI-Standard N 310/ 25. 04. 2001 / GB
PERUVIAN HAIRLESS DOG
(Perro sin pelo del Peru)
TRANSLATION: Mrs. Peggy Davis.
ORIGIN: Peru.
DATE OF PUBLICATION OF THE ORIGINAL VALID STANDARD: 13.03.2001.
UTILIZATION: Companion dog.
CLASSIFICATION F.C.I : Group 5 Spitz and primitive type. Section 6
Dogs of primitive type. Without working trial.
BRIEF HISTORICAL SUMMARY: According to certain experts, this
dog was introduced in Peru during the Chinese immigration, soon
after the promulgation of the law abolishing the slavery of the
blacks by the president of Peru, Don Ramon Castilla. On the other
hand, other searchers suppose that this dog comes from the African
continent through the intermediary of nomads who arrived in America
accompanied by their hairless dogs. Another possible explanation is
that the presence of this dog would be due to the migration of men
and their dogs from Asia to America through the Bering Strait.
However, next to all these suppositions, there are certain proofs
such as the representations which appear on ceramics of different
pre-Inca civilisations (Vicus, Mochica, Chancay, Chancay, under
Tiahuanacoid influence, Chimu); in many cases the hairless dog has
replaced the Puma, the snake or the falcon, this in particular and
in a more evident way in the Chancay culture. As we can gather from
the reproductions, the hairless dog appears during the pre-Inca
archeological periods, i.e. between the years 300 BC and the years
1400 AC.
GENERAL APPEARANCE: Going by his general conformation, it is
an elegant and slim dog, whose aspect expresses speed, strength and
harmony without ever appearing coarse. This breed has, as a
fundamental characteristic, the absence of hair all over the body.
Another particular feature is that the dentition is nearly always
incomplete. Of noble and affectionate nature with those nearest to
him, he is reserved towards strangers, lively, alert and a good
guard.
IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS: The ratio between the height at the
withers and the length of the body is of 1 : 1; the body of the
females can be slightly longer than that of the males.
BEHAVIOUR / TEMPERAMENT: Noble and affectionate at home with
those close to him, at the same time lively and alert; he is wary
and a good guard in presence of strangers.
HEAD: Of lupoid conformation.
CRANIAL REGION:
Skull : Mesocephalic. Orthoid, i.e. the upper axes of the skull and
muzzle are parallel; a slight divergence is accepted. Seen from
above, the skull is broad and the head tapers toward the nose. The
superciliary arches are moderately developed. The occipital crest is
hardly marked.
Stop : Cranial-facial depression barely marked (approximately 140°).
FACIAL REGION:
Nose : The colour of the nose must be in harmony with the different
colours of the skin.
Muzzle : Seen in profile, the nasal bridge is straight.
Lips : They must be as tight as possible and close to the gums.
Jaws/Teeth : The incisors are in scissor bite and the canines
developed normally. The absence of one or all the premolars and
molars is accepted. The lower jaw is only slightly developed.
Cheeks : Normally developed.
Eyes : Alert and intelligent expression. The eyes must be of average
dimensions, slightly almond shaped, neither deep-set nor prominent,
normally and regularly placed, i.e. neither too close together nor
too wide apart. The colour can vary from black, going through all
shades of brown up to yellow, in harmony with the skin colour. In
any case, both eyes must be of the same colour. The colour of the
eyelids may go from black to pink in subjects with light coloured
face. The light pink colours are admitted but not sought after.
Ears : The ears must be pricked when the dog is attentive, whereas
at rest, they are laid towards the back. The ears are of medium
length; broad at the base, tapering progressively towards their tip,
ending almost pointed. The ear set starts on the upper part of the
skull to end laterally and obliquely. In erect position, the axes of
the ears form an variable angle near 90°.
NECK:
Upper line : Curved (convex).
Length : Approximately the same length as the head.
Shape : Near to a truncated cone shape, supple, with good
musculature.
Skin : Fine, smooth and elastic. Really close to the subcutaneous
tissues. No dewlap.
BODY: Mesomorph.
Topline : Straight, although certain subjects show a dorsal-lumbar
convexity which disappears at croup level.
Withers : Barely accentuated.
Back : Topline straight, with well developed back muscles often
forming all along the back a muscular bi-convexity which extends to
the lumbar region.
Lumbar region : Strong and well muscled. Its length reaches
approximately 1/5 of the height at the withers.
Croup : Its upper profile is slightly convex. Its slant compared
with the horizontal is about 40°. Its solid and well muscled
conformation assures a good impulsion.
Chest : Seen from the front, the chest must have a good amplitude,
but without excess; comes down almost to the elbow. The ribs must be
lightly sprung, never flat. The girth of the chest, measured behind
the elbows, must exceed by about 18% the height at the withers.
Underline and Belly : The lower profile draws an elegant and well
marked line which goes from the lower part of the chest and rises
along the belly which must be well tucked up, but without excess.
TAIL: The tail is set on low. Of good thickness at its root,
it tapers towards its tip. When excited, the dog can carry the tail
raised in a round curve above the backline, but never as curved as
being rolled up. At rest, it hangs with a slight upward hook at the
tip. Sometimes carried tucked in towards the abdomen. In length it
almost reaches the hock. The tail must not be docked.
LIMBS
FOREQUARTERS: Well united with the body. Seen from the front,
they are perfectly vertical and the elbows are not turned out. The
angle at the shoulders joint varies between 100° and 120°. Seen in
profile, the angle formed by the pastern and the vertical will be
from 15° to 20°.
Forefeet : They are semi-long and look like hare-feet. The pads are
strong and heat-resistant. The interdigital membranes are well
developed. The black dogs have preferably black nails and the
lighter dogs light nails.
HINDQUARTERS: The muscles are rounded and elastic. The curve
of the buttocks is well marked. The coxal-femoral angle varies
between 120° and 130°, and the femoral-tibial angle must be of 140°.
Seen from behind, the hindquarters must be vertical. Dewclaws must
be eliminated.
Hind feet : As the forefeet.
GAIT / MOVEMENT: Given the structure and angulations of the
above mentioned quarters, these dogs move with a rather short step,
but fast and at the same time quite soft and flexible.
SKIN: The skin must be smooth and elastic all over the body,
but can form a few rounded almost concentric lines on the head and
round the eyes and the cheeks. It has been checked that the internal
and external temperature of these dogs is exactly the same as that
of other breeds. The absence of hair leads to an immediate and
direct emanation of heat, different from the hairy subjects, where
the heat filters through the coat (hair) by natural ventilation.
COAT
HAIR: To deserve the name of hairless dog, the coat (hair)
must be non-existant. Vestiges of hair on the head and at the
extremities of the legs and the tail are admitted and, sometimes, a
few rare hairs appear on the back.
COLOUR: The colour of the hair can vary from black in black
dogs, slate black, elephant black, bluish black, the whole scale of
greys, dark brown going to light blond.
All those colours can be uniform or show pinkish patches at all
points of the body.
SIZE AND WEIGHT:
There are three sizes in the males and females.
Small : from 25 to 40 cm ( 9 3/4 to 15 3/4 inches).
Medium : from 40 to 50 cm (15 3/4 to 19 3/4 inches).
Large : from 50 to 65 cm (19 3/4 to 25 3/4 inches).
The weight is in relation to the size of the males and females.
Small : from 4 to 8 kg (8,8 to 17,6 lbs).
Medium : from 8 to 12 kg (17,6 to 26,4 lbs).
Large : from 12 to 25 kg (26,4 to 55,1 lbs).
FAULTS: Any departure from the foregoing points should be
considered a fault and the seriousness with which the fault should
be regarded should be in exact proportion to its degree.
Semi-erect ears.
Presence of dewclaws on the hindquarters.
ELIMINATING FAULTS:
Upper or lower prognathism.
Deviated jaw.
Hanging or cropped ears.
Tail-less, short tail, docked tail.
Excessively hairy on the parts authorised by the standard.
Presence of hair on other parts of the body not authorised by the
standard.
Albinism.
N.B.: Male animals should have two apparently normal
testicles fully descended into the scrotum.
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